Inventing a History for a "palestinian people" that never existed in history

The vast literature proving the historic Jewish connection to the Land of Israel has been extensively manipulated and distorted as part of the Palestinian politics of nationalism. Propaganda, indoctrination, and socialization, both domestically and internationally, are essential parts of the strategy and tactics of asserting Palestinian nationhood and statehood. By appropriating to themselves the values, traditions, and historical facts that belong to the Jews, Palestinians have managed to fabricate a "legitimate" history and political traditions out of nothing while denying those of Israel.

The Palestinian Nation-building Strategy

A Palestinian flag emblazoned with "Jesus." Not even Jesus's origin as a Jew is safe from the Palestinian fabrication of their history. While Jesus was certainly viewed for centuries as a Muslim prophet (along with Abraham and Moses), only recently has he become a model Palestinian shahid, a martyr to their cause.

Nation-building often involves the invention of foundation myths although these normally require a certain relationship to historic facts, however tenuous. Palestinian leaders, under the leadership of Yasser Arafat and his successors, adopted a different tack: stealing the enemy's heritage, history, and values, and denying its legitimacy as a people and a state. The Palestinian objectives are to disqualify Israel's historical standing and to inherit its belongings by delegitimizing and even dehumanizing its national identity and personality.

Palestinian tactics are simple yet sophisticated: preaching and dispersing lies and distortions of reality. History proves that the bigger the lie and the more common its reiteration, the more it is accepted as authentic and genuine. Moreover, most people are unwilling to accept the idea that an entire national leadership would dare to totally distort and fabricate history in full. Part of the Palestinians' success in doing so is also due to the fact that most people do not know the history of the Land of Israel and of Jerusalem.

Usurping the Jewish, Biblical, and Christian Pasts

Rewriting the history of the Land of Israel by erasing Jewish history and replacing it with a fabricated Palestinian history is a central goal of the Palestinian Authority (PA) and something that the early generations of Palestinian leaders, including the notorious Hajj Amin Husseini, who led the Palestinian Arabs to their 1948 defeat, dared not do. This fictitious history, which ignores all historical documentation and established historical methods, is based on systematic distortions of both ancient and modern history with the aim of denying Israel's right to exist.

The Palestinian leaders claim lineage from ancient history, describing the Canaanites as their direct ancestors.[1] In the words of the PA president Mahmoud Abbas: "We said to him [Netanyahu], when he claimed the Jews have a historical right dating back to 3000 years B.C.E., we say that the nation of Palestine upon the land of Canaan had a 7,000-year history. This is the truth that must be said: Netanyahu, you are incidental in history. We are the people of history. We are the owners of history."[2]

According to Palestinian Authority historians, the Palestinian people has been living in Palestine for over seven thousand years.[3] Another claim states that Palestinians were in the land since the beginning of creation.[4] According to Sheikh Ikrima Sabri, chairman of the Supreme Islamic Council of the Palestinian Authority, Palestinians have roots in this land originating from earlier than 7500 B.C.E.[5] Arab villages have allegedly existed since the days of the Canaanites.[6] The "Arab" Canaanites supposedly established ports on the coast of Canaan, known today as Palestine, and Jaffa is said to have been one of the cities whose Canaanite origins later invaders failed to erase.[7]Overall, the Palestinian people claim to be rooted in the region for thousands of years and long before Israel.[8]

According to this argument, some 6,000 years ago, the Palestinians of Canaan created a great civilization that, like the sun, was producing light and shining it on human beings as the Islamic religious basis of the world.[9] Palestinian scholars and media have touted the claim that the Palestinian Arab nation has been rooted in its land for thousands of years since the human settlement of the "Arab-Palestinian-Canaanite" city of Jericho—the oldest city in the history of human civilization. In their claim, the history and heritage of Jericho confirm the Arab-Palestinian-Canaanite narrative concerning the entire Palestinian land, from the sea to the river, and negate the false Zionist narrative. Jericho allegedly proves that the Palestinian nation is the most ancient and earliest of all, whose roots are the most deeply dug into history.[10]

Palestinians also declared themselves to have been the center of historical events and peoples found in the Bible in the form of the Edomites, Amorites, Midianites, Amalekites, Ibrahim bin Azar (biblical Abraham), and al-Khadir (Prophet Elijah).[11] In the view of the Palestinian ambassador to India, Adli Sadeq, to ignore the existence of the Palestinian people and its rights reflects a logic that mocks intelligence, culture, and the Bible itself, in which Palestine and its people are mentioned more than 250 times.[12] Of course, the term Palestine appears nowhere in the Bible. The assertion that the Palestinians are descended from the biblical Jebusites, who, according to the Bible, were the original inhabitants of Jerusalem, has also been frequently made.[13]

To claim that Palestinians are the original inhabitants of the Land of Israel not only goes against secular history and scientific knowledge, but it also flies in the face of Islamic religious history. Not only do the Islamic scriptures recognize the unique Jewish claims to the Land of Israel, but there is no reference whatsoever to any Palestinian people dwelling on any land called Filastin during any part of Islamic history until the twentieth century. The term Jund Filastin was used to describe a military district of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates and had no ethnic or national significance until the twentieth century.

The Qur'an declares that the Jews are the chosen people, exalted among the nations of the world.[14] It clearly declares the Jews (Bani Israil) as the only owners of the Land of Israel, which isal-Ard al-Muqaddasah; al-Ard al-Mubarakah; Ard Bani Israil (the sacred land; the blessed land; the land of the People of Israel), and they are not allowed to leave it, for otherwise they will be punished:[15]"It is the promise of God, and God does not go back on his promise."[16] The Qur'an goes on to acknowledge that the Jewish first and second kingdoms existed but states that they were punished by God.[17] Arab ownership of Palestine is also critically connected to exegesis on the Qur'anic description of Muhammad's Night Journey from Mecca to the "furthest mosque," which is juxtaposed with a verse on the destroyed Temple of the Israelites.[18] The existence of that temple, however, though it had been acknowledged by officials of the Islamic religious endowment authority (waqf ) in their publicity materials from the 1920s and 1950s,[19] was famously denied by Arafat in an exchange with U.S. president Bill Clinton.[20]

Another Palestinian tactic is aimed at co-opting Christianity. For the PA leaders, Jesus is defined as a Palestinian who preached Islam, thus denying not only Jewish history and Christian legitimacy but also strengthening ancient Palestinian history. According to this narrative, Jesus was a Muslim prophet,[21] like all other Jewish-born figures,[22] who was born in Bethlehem, lived in Nazareth, and moved to Jerusalem.[23] Therefore, Jesus the messiah is a Palestinian par excellence, the son of Mary the Palestinian.[24] The Virgin Mary, the woman of love and peace, is of the nation of Palestine, whose roots are grounded in the depths of history.[25] Jesus is a shahid, a holy martyr of Islam, the only Palestinian prophet, and the first Palestinian shahid who was tortured in this land.[26]

Denying the Jewish Connection

In the official Palestinian narrative, the Palestinian people are authentic and indigenous while it is the Israelis who are the foreigners, invented, and sown in a land that is not theirs.[27] According to Nabil Alqam, a PA historian, the Israeli state concerns itself with cultural theft and with stealing, distorting, and erasing the Palestinian heritage, which has a historical depth of 4,000 to 5,000 years. The state of Israel attempts to steal Palestinian symbols and to create a fake Israeli identity.[28] In his book,Jerusalem, City of Allah, Yunes Amr, president of the al-Quds Open University, claims to disprove all Israeli connections and the history of the Jewish presence in Palestine, both historically and linguistically, by exposing the falsification of facts and affirming that the Palestinians are Arab Canaanites indigenous to the land.[29]

Throughout Palestinian media and education, all Israeli cities and areas are featured as Palestinian in origin, including Haifa, Acre, Ashkelon, Jaffa, Safed, Tiberias, Tel Aviv, Nazareth, the Sea of Galilee, Kiryat Shmonah, and the Negev. These are the "Palestinian homeland" or "occupied Palestine."[30]Instilling these assertions and psychological worldview as facts among youth and in the political arena requires a multilevel process of socialization and indoctrination, beginning with the education system. Reinforcement is constant and all-pervasive: Palestine is continually represented as an area of 27,000 sq km, and an overwhelming Palestinian majority believes this is the truth.[31]

The Palestinians also portray Israelis of today as having no genetic, religious, cultural, or historical connections to the Jews of the past, who are supposed to have disappeared long ago. Issam Sissalem of the Islamic University in Gaza further claims that the biblical Hebrew tribes were in fact Bedouin. As such they were Arab tribes, and there is no connection between them and today's Israeli Jews, who are the descendents of Eurasian Khazars who converted to Judaism. The original Hebrew tribes were erased and ceased to exist, leaving no traces.[32] Likewise, Jarir al-Qudwa, once educational advisor to Arafat, holds that the Israelites of the Bible were not only Arab tribes but were among the purest. Fathi Buzia, a PA political commentator, argues that Europe, led by Britain, founded Israel, creating and implanting a thieving, fabricated entity upon the Palestinian land, in order to get rid of Jews at home.[33]

Israelis are described as religious groups of imposters who were never Jews but part of a Zionist plot to occupy Palestinian lands and steal the Palestinian identity and cultural heritage. This is derided as the greatest crime ever committed against humanity with the aim of the Judaization of Palestine.[34]Even the Hebrew language is said to be stolen from Palestinian Aramaic.[35] The Israeli state creates "false names" for sites to "erase the Palestinian facts." It steals everything it lays its hands on "by means of terror," including music, food, clothing, and folk traditions, even falafel and humus.[36] All the territory held by the state of Israel is occupied, and the Palestinians will not compromise on it.[37]

In the light of this, Palestinian commentators demand that Zionists must acknowledge publicly before the world that Jews have no connection to Palestinian Arab land. Zionist history is nothing more than invention and falsification, constituting a crude form of colonialism.[38] Zionists are trying to create a fake history at the expense of a real Palestinian history so as to steal the history and the culture of the Palestinians.[39]

The Palestinian "Nation's" Modern Foundations

The alleged Zionist process of theft and usurpation is, in fact, precisely the official Palestinian policy toward Jewish history.

The paradoxical fact is that Palestinian nationalism effectively owes its creation to Zionism, the Jewish national movement.[40] Stimulated partially by the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire and the search for Arab national identities, the main lines of Palestinian nationalism developed during the 1920s and 1930s in reaction to and in contrast with Zionism.

Though Palestinians claim descent from Canaanites, the fact is that there has never been any historical Palestinian state, nor any indigenous political system and institutions. The Land of Israel witnessed many conquerors over the course of its history, but in the last two thousand years since most of the people of Israel went into exile—albeit not without leaving an uninterrupted presence in the land—it was not the home of any indigenous political entity. Not only has there never been a Palestinian state and a Palestinian people, but there were no other political entities besides those established by invading forces, such as the crusading statelets or district capitals created by Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs.

Most of the population now known as Palestinian descended from migrants originating from the surrounding Arab countries and from local Bedouins. Many migrated in waves from the middle of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century. Others were imported by the Ottoman Empire and by the British for infrastructure and agricultural projects, or migrated to the region following Zionist economic success, which produced a staggering population growth.[41] Palestinians are perhaps the newest of all peoples, comprising many scattered groups. In fact, in origin they are more Egyptian, Syrian, Jordanian, Lebanese, and mainly Bedouin, than Palestinian.

Perhaps the most conspicuous fact regarding the novelty of the Palestinian nation is that when it was within their power, the Arab leaders never seriously sought to create a Palestinian state during the 1940s, and after the establishment of the State of Israel, from 1948 until 1967, when the West Bank and Gaza were under Egyptian and Jordanian direct rule. Moreover, during that time all Arab leaders referred to the Palestinian issue as a refugee problem. They did not call for the creation of a Palestinian state for the Palestinian nation. Even after the 1967 Six-Day War, United Nations Resolution 242 of November 22, 1967, mentions only "refugees," not even "Arab refugees"—let alone a Palestinian people and a Palestinian state.[42] Calls in earnest for a Palestinian state did not begin in the United Nations or elsewhere until the late 1960s or the early 1970s.[43]

Even today, as all Arab states pay lip service to the idea of a Palestinian state, and Palestinian leaders are treated as equals by their Arab counterparts, it is far from clear that a Palestinian state is a real priority. If the Palestinians are a people today, they are indeed a new invention. However, do they deserve a state? Establishment of a Palestinian state would rightly open the floodgates for the creation of numerous states based on both new and old national identities. The Kurds and the Berbers, for example, have lived for centuries in the Middle East. They are distinct and ancient peoples that were not invented in the full light of history, but unfortunately, their existence does not translate automatically into statehood. If it did, such a process of granting statehood to all peoples would begin to unravel the fabric of the modern Arab world. Arab leaders, especially under pressure from the Arab upheavals of 2011 show no enthusiasm for this.

What Do Palestinians Want?

The important question is what Palestinians really want. What are the Palestinians' political objectives, and how do they wish to realize them? All their leaders' declarations and policies clearly show that they have never moderated their primary objective, which is to eliminate the State of Israel. From the Abadan ("never") rhetoric of the 1920s through 1948 to Arafat's "phased strategy," adopted at the June 1974 Palestinian National Congress,[44] Palestinians still lay claim to a land "from the river to the sea." Palestinians appear unwilling to compromise, to recognize Israel as a Jewish state, or to accept an Israeli state on any territory they call Filastin.

It is also evident that Palestinian political evolution is closely tied to Israel's territorial and political development in two continuous phases. The first emerged after Israel's independence in 1948 and differentiated the Palestinians as a social group of Arab refugees, also called "Palestine Arabs," and lacking obvious cultural, social, or political characteristics that distinguished them from their Arab kin, who largely reviled them. The second phase developed after the 1967 Six-Day War; Palestinians then became a political group seeking to develop a national identity during the period of global anti-imperial and anti-colonial ferment. But even as a Palestinian national identity has been developed and marketed, it is overwhelmingly founded on the negation of its rival, namely Jewish and Israeli identity, rather than on positive attributes or real history.

Given this, how have Palestinians been so successful in disseminating their message in the international arena? What brings them the overwhelming political and financial support at the expense of so many nations and other peoples, such as the Kurds and the Berbers, who are denied the chance to establish a state?[45]

Part of the answer is perhaps the Palestinians' sophisticated ploy of telling all players what they want to hear. In the international arena, the Palestinians emphasize the ideologies of post-colonialism, post-modernism, and multiculturalism. They depict themselves as the victims of colonial Zionism that has stolen their land and express the wish to establish Palestine as a small or even a multicultural state.[46] In Europe, where there is a high level of guilt and remorse about its own colonialist past, the Palestinians depict Israel as the last remnant of the bygone European colonialist era and directly blame Europe for the creation of the Jewish state.[47] Israel is accused of occupying the land that belongs solely to the Palestinian people, and worse, Israel is accused of perpetuating Nazi methods and committing genocide against the Palestinians.[48] These Palestinian accusations are supported by European intellectuals and leftists who feel remorse about the colonial era and who do not wish to be reminded any further about the Nazi atrocities.

In the United States, where many feel guilt and remorse over historic racism, the Palestinians depict Israel as a racist state, which treats them in the same way as African Americans were treated.[49] For human rights organizations, Israel is a cruel occupier that violates all human rights and freedoms of the Palestinians.[50] In world public opinion, Israel is depicted as an oppressive society that perpetuates systematic extermination and ethnic cleansing.[51] And to Palestinians and other Muslims, the prospect of a Palestinian state is represented as the creation of another proud Arab or pious Muslim state.

The question remains why the international community accepts the Palestinians' claims regarding their fabricated past and the corresponding negation of the Jews. Oil, ignorance, anti-Semitism, and a politically correct unwillingness to offer any challenge to such falsehoods, all play a role. Still, it is difficult to recall a time in modern history when one group of people openly expressed such visceral animosity and hatred and declared its eagerness to eliminate a neighboring state and its people while the international arena ignored and, in fact, enabled and legitimized it.

Conclusion

Palestinian Arabs, as opposed to Arabic-speaking residents, have not been in the area west of the Jordan River from the Islamic occupation, from the Ottoman Empire, or even from British rule since 1917. No Palestinian state has ever existed, and so, no Palestinian people has ever been robbed of its land. There is no language or dialect known as Palestinian; there is no Palestinian culture distinct from that of surrounding Arab ones; and there has never been a land known as Palestine governed by Palestinians at any time in history. For these reasons, Palestinians have been driven to fabricate a past by denying and expropriating that of Jews and Israel.

Only after the Palestinian leadership comes to terms with Israel's legitimacy and recognizes it as a Jewish state can one begin discussing the emergence of a Palestinian state that lives in peace beside the State of Israel.

David Bukay is a lecturer at the School of Political Science in the University of Haifa.

[1] All references from Palestinian Authority media are taken from Palestinian Media Watch.
[2] Palestinian al-Fath TV, May 14, 2011.
[3] Al-Ayyam (Ramallah), Sept. 11, 2006.
[4] Palestinian al-Fath TV, July 25, 2004.
[5] Al-Hayat al-Jadida (Ramallah), July 3, 2010.
[6] Ibid., Dec. 3, 2010.
[7] Palestinian al-Fath TV, repeatedly from 2005-07.
[8] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Mar. 17, 2009, Dec. 11, 2011.
[9] Palestinian al-Fath TV, Feb. 20, 2011.
[10] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Oct. 21, 2010.
[11] Ibid., July 8, 2011.
[12] Ibid., Nov. 18, 2005, Dec. 19, 2011.
[13] David Wenkel, "Palestinians, Jebusites, and Evangelicals," Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2007, pp. 49-56.
[14] Qur: al-Baqarah, 2:47; ad-Dukhan, 44:32.
[15] Qur: al-Maidah, 5:21; al-A'araf, 7:137; Bani Israil, 17:104.
[16] Qur: ar-Rum, 30:6.
[17] Qur: Bani Israil, 17:104-7.
[18] Ibid., 17: 1, 7.
[19] Philip Mattar, "The Role of the Mufti of Jerusalem in the Political Struggle over the Western Wall, 1928-1929," Middle Eastern Studies, Jan. 1983, pp. 104-18; Muhammad Amin al-Husseini, Haqa'ik An Qadiyat Filastin (Cairo: n.p., 1957), pp. 115-9.
[20] See Yitzhak Reiter, Jerusalem and Its Role in Islamic Solidarity (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008), pp. 1-2.
[21] Qur: al-Imran, 3:51-2; an-Nisa, 4:171; al-Maidah, 5:111.
[22] Qur: al-Baqarah, 2:127-8, 133; al-Imran, 3:84; Yunus, 10:71-2, 84.
[23] Palestinian al-Fath TV, Apr. 21, 2006; al-Hayat al-Jadida, Mar. 9, Oct. 28, 2006.
[24] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Nov. 18, 2005; Palestinian al-Fath TV, May 12, 2009.
[25] ,com.Palvoice Mar. 17, 2010.
[26] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, June 24, Dec. 11, 2000, June 17, 2005, Oct. 28, 2006, Apr. 30, Nov. 18, 2008; Palestinian al-Fath TV, June 9, Dec. 24, 2009.
[27] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Dec. 11, 2011.
[28] Palestinian al-Fath TV, Oct. 22, 2009.
[29] Al-Ayyam, Apr. 7, 2009.
[30] Palestinian al-Fath TV, Apr. 11, June 14, 24, Sept. 2, Nov. 1, 2011; al-Hayat al-Jadida, Jan. 31, June 17, 20, 2011.
[31] Palestinian al-Fath TV, May 16, June 11, 25, July 5, Aug. 12, 13, 19, 2010.
[32] Ibid., July 25, 2004.
[33] Ibid., June 17, 2009.
[34] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Apr. 4, May 26, 2011; Palestinian al-Fath TV, May 23, 2011.
[35] Palestinian al-Fath TV, Dec. 7, 2010, Feb. 8, July 15, 2011; al-Hayat al-Jadida, May 15, July 1, 2011.
[36] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Dec. 16, 2010, Apr. 4, May 16, July 5, Dec. 8, 2011; Palestinian al-Fath TV, Dec. 23, 2010.
[37] Al-Hayat al-Jadida, Aug. 18, 2011.
[38] Ibid., May 27, 2011.
[39] Palestinian al-Fath TV, May 23, 2011.
[40] Daniel Pipes, "Mirror Image: How the PLO Mimics Zionism," National Interest, Fall 1994; idem, "Mirror Image: Palestinians Continue to Mimic Zionism," DanielPipes.org, Jan. 10, 2008.
[41] See, for example, Efraim Karsh, Palestine Betrayed (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010), pp. 2-16; Fred M. Gottheil, "The Smoking Gun: Arab Immigration into Palestine, 1922-1931," Middle East Quarterly, Winter 2003, pp. 53-64; Arieh L. Avneri, The Claim of Dispossession, Jewish Land Settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948 (Edison, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1982), pp. 162-80.
[42] U.N .Security Council, "Resolution 242 of November 22, 1967."
[43] See, for example, "10 Point Program," Palestine National Council, Cairo, June 8, 1974.
[44] "Political Program for the Present Stage Drawn up by the 12th PNC, Cairo, June 9, 1974," Journal of Palestine Studies, Summer 1974, pp. 224-5.
[45] James Minehan, Nations without States (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1996), index.
[46] Hanan Ashrawi, Palestinian legislator, al-Hayat al-Jadidah, Dec. 27, 2011; Issa Karake, minister of prisoners' affairs, al-Hayat al-Jadidah, Nov. 24, 2011; Bassam Eid, "Can a Bi-National State Be a Solution to the Middle East Conflict," Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group, Jerusalem, 2009.
[47] Fayez A. Sayegh, "Zionist Colonialism in Palestine," Research Center Palestine Liberation Organization, Beirut, Sept. 1965; Gilbert Achcar, "The Arab-Israeli War of Narratives," Open Democracy, London, Apr. 19, 2010.
[48] See, for example, Marwan Bishara, Palestine/Israel: Peace or Apartheid. Occupation, Terrorism and the Future (London: Zed Press, 2003); Ziyad Abu Ein, Palestinian Authority deputy minister of prisoners' affairs, interview, Palestinian Fatah TV, Oct. 6, 2011; al-Hayat al-Jadidah, Apr. 17, July 5, Oct. 3, 2011.
[49] See, for example, Occupation, Colonialism, Apartheid? A re-assessment of Israel's practices in the occupied Palestinian territories under international law (Cape Town: Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa, 2009); Jamal Dajani, "Israel: Occupation or Apartheid?" The Huffington Post (New York), Feb. 5, 2010; Uri Davis, Israel: An Apartheid State (London: Zed Books, 2002), pp. 55, 61.
[50] See, for example, "Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories: The 2011 Report," Amnesty International, New York, accessed Mar. 12, 2012; "Israel/Occupied Palestinian Territories, Events of 2009," World Report 2010, Human Rights Watch, New York, accessed Mar. 12, 2012.
[51] See, for example, Ha'aretz (Tel Aviv), Oct. 31, 2009; Inter Press Service (Rome), Mar. 23, 2011;Asia News (Bangkok), Mar. 22, 2011.

Lendas árabes

ESCRITO POR HEITOR DE PAOLA | 23 OUTUBRO 2012
ARTIGOS - DESINFORMAÇÃO

A rede de mentiras e mitos que a máquina de propaganda árabe criou é parte importante no implacável objetivo de destruir o Estado de Israel. É uma vergonha que o mundo, inclusive israelenses, as tenha aceitado como verdades. A paz no Oriente Médio será impossível até que esses mitos sejam expostos como tais.(*)

Os “palestinos”
Este é o mito principal, na realidade o conceito de ‘povo palestino’ não existia até 1948 quando os árabes que habitavam a região quiseram se diferenciar dos judeus. Até então os palestinos eram os judeus. Os árabes que hoje assim se denominam o fazem para persuadir um mundo desinformado de que pertencem a uma nacionalidade distinta, quando são árabes como os sírios, os libaneses, os jordanianos com os quais partilham a mesma língua e costumes tribais. Enquanto os judeus sionistas construíam de uma terra inóspita um próspero Estado de Israel, os árabes que ali habitavam estavam confabulando com Hitler através do Grão-Mufti Al Husseini para matar judeus.

A “margem ocidental”
Este é um conceito geográfico inexistente antes de 1948 quando o Exército do Reino da Transjordânia e outros cinco exércitos árabes invadiram Israel no mesmo dia de sua fundação. Apesar da forte resistência israelense que obteve miraculosa vitória, a Transjordânia manteve a possessão dos territórios da Judéia e da Samaria e da parte oriental de Jerusalém, expulsando os judeus destas áreas, destruindo instituições, sinagogas e cemitérios. Mesmo após a expulsão dos jordanianos na Guerra dos Seis Dias, em 1967, o mundo continuou a chamar esta área de ‘margem ocidental’.

Os “terrítórios ocupados”
Após a Guerra dos Seis Dias Israel ocupou permanentemente a Judéia/Samaria, ocupada ilegalmente pela Jordânia durante 19 anos, da Faixa de Gaza ocupada pelos egípcios – embora a centenas de quilômetros longe de seu território - e das Colinas de Golan. As últimas soberanias sobre estes territórios foram do Império Otomano e posteriormente do Mandato Britânico, incluindo as Colinas que foram cedidas à Síria pelo acordo anglo-francês.

“Jerusalém oriental árabe”
A propaganda árabe inventou e propagou com enorme sucesso o mito de que Jerusalém é uma capital árabe e a terceira cidade sagrada do Islã, depois de Meca e Medina e, conseqüentemente é intolerável a permanência de infiéis (judeus) em seus limites. A cidade é mencionada centenas de vezes na Bíblia como o centro da fé Judaica e o objetivo a ser retomado desde a destruição do Templo pelos Romanos. Jamais a cidade é mencionada no Alcorão. A ocupação desta parte da cidade pelos árabes – que jamais foi dividida, nem os Evangelhos cristãos se referem a isto – foi o resultado da invasão jordaniana. Mas os árabes conseguiram convencer a opinião pública mundial de que os Judeus que querem retornar são criadores de caso ou coisa pior.

Os “assentamentos”
Quando a Jordânia tomou a Judéia/Samaria e a parte oriental de Jerusalém as cidades Judias foram totalmente obliteradas e os Judeus expulsos, tornando-a uma área judenrein (livre de Judeus), termo usado inicialmente na Alemanha nazista. Quando os Israelenses recuperaram estes territórios, reconstruíram cidades, construíram outras e criaram novos subúrbios e bairros, especialmente em Jerusalém. Os árabes decidiram chamar estas cidades e vilas de ‘assentamentos’, com a conotação de ilegitimidade e transitoriedade. O mundo inteiro, inclusive os Estados Unidos engoliram a mentira impingida pelos árabes e consideram tais ‘assentamentos’ como fatores que impedem a paz.

Os “refugiados”
Em 1948 quando seis exércitos árabes invadiram Israel os comunicados de rádio das tropas árabes avançadas apelavam aos residentes árabes para deixar suas casas para não atrapalhar o avanço da invasão e poderiam retornar assim que a ‘rápida vitória’ fosse alcançada pelos árabes poderiam retornar a seus lares e ainda poderiam saquear os bens dos Judeus em fuga ou exterminados. As coisas não saíram bem assim. Os árabes que aceitaram a ameaça se tornaram refugiados, os que confiaram nas promessas dos Israelenses ficaram e permanecem pelos último 60 anos cidadãos de Israel gozando todos os direitos e privilégios dos judeus (1). O que aconteceu com estes ‘refugiados’? Foram protegidos e absorvidos pelos países árabes ‘irmãos’ para trabalharem e se tornarem plenos cidadãos? Não, foram e continuam vivendo em miseráveis ‘campos de refugiados’ para serem usados como peões políticos e militares e inflamar o ódio a Israel, e reserva de terroristas.

Incapazes de vencer Israel no campo de batalha onde foram três vezes humilhados, os árabes tentam obter e destruição de Israel pela falsa diplomacia baseada em mentiras, mitos e fábulas. É vergonhoso que grande parte dos ocidentais tenha engolido estas balelas! 

Notas:

(*) Condensação de textos do site FLAME (Facts and Logic About the Middle East) publicados na revistaTownhall na edição de agosto e setembro de 2012.

(1) Sugiro a leitura de meu artigo 'O Terrível Apartheid Israelense'.

The Adventures of Noam Chomsky

Why Comedy Matters (video at the end)

Hollywood comedians refuse to hit President Obama. They claim he’s unmockable – which is itself a mockery. Obama is the most mockable president in American history. And it took Mitt Romney to show it.

Last week, at the annual Al Smith Dinner in New York City, Romney took a good-natured look at the Obama record. And it was knock-down, drag out funny. Here were some of his best lines:

I was actually hoping the president would bring Joe Biden along this evening, because he’ll laugh at anything.

Of course we’re down to the final months of the president’s term. As President Obama surveys the Waldorf banquet room with everyone in white tie and refinery, you have to wonder what he’s thinking. So little time, so much to redistribute.

In the spirit of Sesame Street, the president’s remarks tonight are brought to you by the letter ‘O’ and the number $16 trillion.

Campaigns can be grueling, exhausting. President Obama and I are each very lucky to have one person who is always in our corner, someone who we can lean on, and someone who is a comforting presence. Without whom, we wouldn’t be able to go another day. I have my beautiful wife Ann, he has Bill Clinton.

Ouch.

President Obama’s humor was also funny, but oddly defeatist in the sense that it was at his own expense. Here were some of his best lines:

 This is the third time that Governor Romney have met recently. As some of you may have noticed, I had a lot more energy in our second debate. I felt really well rested after the nice long nap I had in the first debate.

Although it turns millions of Americans focused in on the second debate who didn’t focus in on the first debate and I happen to be one of them. I particularly want to apologize to Chris Matthews. Four years ago, I gave him a thrill up his leg; this time around, I gave him a stroke.

Monday’s debate is a little different because the topic is foreign policy. Spoiler alert, we got Bin Laden.

There’s something else worth noting about the comparative humor between the candidates. Obama’s humor was largely self-effacing; Mitt Romney’s humor was far more aggressive. That’s because Obama recognizes that he’s seen as mean and nasty at this point in the election cycle, and he wants to walk back that perception. Losers poke fun at themselves when it comes to the Al Smith Dinner; winners poke fun at their opponents.

Back in 2008, John McCain actually admitted that he was the underdog in the election, and proceeded to tell jokes targeting Bill Clinton and himself. Barack Obama aimed his fire squarely at McCain and the wealthy. Guess who won?

Humor is a weapon. And it hasn’t been wielded well by anyone on the Republican side of the political aisle since Ronald Reagan. Humor humanizes. And Mitt Romney went a long way toward humanizing himself at the Al Smith Dinner.

His increasing humanity in the public eye, in fact, is probably why his favorable ratings have been climbing steadily ever since the first presidential debate. According to the Pew Research Center, Romney has actually overcome Obama in the likability ratings – his favorability is 50 percent, compared with Obama’s 49 percent. Gallup agrees: Romney leads 49-48. Just eight months ago, Obama led Romney by a margin of 55 percent to 29 percent.

The greatest obstacle for Romney going into this election cycle was whether, after the dehumanization of hundreds of millions of attack ads, he could be restored as a decent human being in the eyes of the electorate.  And he has gone a long way toward doing it. The more the American public sees of Romney, the more they like him. And the more they see of President Obama, the more they don’t. That’s why the media has made it its mission to stop the public from seeing Romney. As Romney joked at the Dinner:

I never suggest that the — that the press is biased. I recognize that they have their job to do, and I have my job to do. My job is to lay out a positive vision for the future of the country, and their job is to make sure no one else finds out about it.

Humor cuts through the nonsense. It’s no coincidence that our most successful presidents have been funny. And it’s no coincidence that our funniest candidates have become president.

All of which bodes well for Mitt Romney.

A Brief History of Muslim Brotherhood Antisemitism

After whitewashing the past of former democratic senator and Ku Klux Klan member, Robert Byrd, now Bill Clinton gives his support to the Muslim Brotherhood, the Nazi-inspired Jihadi Egyptian Political group.

What was true of the Muslim Brotherhood then is true of the Muslim Brotherhood now.

“The struggle between Islam and the Jews continues in force and will thus continue.”

“The British and the Jews will understand only one language, the language of revolution, force and blood”.

“If the Jewish state becomes a fact, and this is realized by the Arab peoples, they will drive the Jews who live in their midst into the sea.”                       Sheikh Hassan al-Banna

The Muslim Brotherhood transformed Nazi anti-Semitism into a Muslim version, providing Arab translations of Mein Kampf (translated into Arabic as “My Jihad”) and other Nazi anti-Semitic works, including Der Sturmer hate-cartoons, adapted to portray the Jew as the demonic enemy of Allah rather than the German Volk.

The Brotherhood organized mass demonstrations in Egyptian cities under the slogans “Down With the Jews!” and “Jews Get Out of Egypt and Palestine!” Leaflets called for a boycott of Jewish goods and Jewish shops, and the Brotherhood’s newspaper, al-Nadhir, carried a regular column on “The Danger of the Jews of Egypt,” which published the names and addresses of Jewish businessmen and allegedly Jewish newspaper publishers all over the world, attributing every evil, from communism to brothels, to the “Jewish danger.”

In November 1945, just half a year after the end of the Third Reich, the Muslim Brothers carried out the worst anti-Jewish pogroms in Egypt’s history, when demonstrators penetrated the Jewish quarters of Cairo on the anniversary of the Balfour Declaration. They ransacked houses and shops, attacked non-Muslims, and torched the synagogues. Six people were killed, and some hundred more injured.

Sayyid Qutb, like Hassan al-Banna, was an ardent anti-Semite. In 1950 he had written an essay entitled “Our struggle with the Jews”.

Qutb declared in this work that “Allah brought Hitler to rule over them” and wished the worst upon the Jews – “Allah bring down upon the Jews people who will mete out to them the worst kind of punishment, as confirmation of his unequivocal promise.”

And absolutely nothing has changed in the present day.

“There is no dialogue between us and the Jews except by the sword and the rifle.”

“Oh Allah, take your enemies, the enemies of Islam. Oh Allah, take the Jews, the treacherous aggressors. Oh Allah, take this profligate, cunning, arrogant band of people… Oh Allah, do not spare a single one of them. Oh Allah, count their numbers, and kill them, down to the very last one.”

“Throughout history, Allah has imposed upon the Jews people who would punish them for their corruption…The last punishment was carried out by [Adolf] Hitler. By means of all the things he did to them – even though they exaggerated this issue – he managed to put them in their place. This was divine punishment for them…Allah Willing, the next time will be at the hand of the believers [Muslims].”

Sheikh Yousef Al-Qaradawi

And nothing has changed even now that the Muslim Brotherhood is being described as moderate Islamists by the mainstream media.

Imam Abdul Nabi said, “Our God, grant us victory over the infidels… Our God, deal harshly with the Jews and those who are allied with them…

During this part of the sermon, President Morsi was shown on television mouthing “amen.”

One final note.

The White House congratulated Islamist candidate Mohammed Morsi on his election as Egypt’s first freely elected president, calling it a milestone in the country’s transition to democracy.

Obama “emphasized his interest in working together with President-elect Morsi, on the basis of mutual respect, to advance the many shared interests between Egypt and the United States.”

Christian Arab Woman Becomes Commander of Israeli Combat Unit

While in Syria, Egypt and Iraq Christians are running for their lives in Israel, an Arab Christian woman is in training to command a combat unit.

.

History took place on Wednesday, October 17, 2012, when Mona Abdo, a Christian Arab who grew up in Haifa, Israel, became the first female Arab commander of a combat unit in the Israeli Defense Forces.

Abdo’s road to this historic moment started in 2010 when, as a volunteer in the Israeli army, she served in the Ordnance Corps for four months before she knew that she wanted to do more, and, as a result, she was transferred to the female combat unit Caracal – where Arab and Jewish soldiers fight for the same side.

“There were people who were very proud of me, but there were those [Arabs] on the street who saw me with the IDF uniform and the fighter pin and told me I was a traitor,” she told News 2 online. “There were soldiers who were originally in shock, those I met in the course and in the battalion, but they were very impressed with what I did. I was also approached by Arab women who told me they wanted to enlist, but that they were worried about what other Arabs in the village might think.

Apartheid state? 

Jewish Sages in Islamic Lands Identify the Arabs/Muslims as Israel's Worst Enemies

Moses Maimonides and Bahya ibn Pakuda, Jewish scholars and philosophers in Islamic-ruled lands both asserted that Islam or the nation of Ishmael [=Arabs or Islam] were more hostile and cruel to the Jews than any other nation or religion.

Maimonides [Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, abbreviated as Rambam; 1135-1204] was born in Spain but had to leave because of Muslim Almohad oppression. He made his way through Morocco to the Land of Israel --then fought over by Crusaders and Muslim Fatimids-- where he lived in `Akko, Jerusalem and Hebron. Because of the difficult situation in Israel, he and his family moved to Egypt where he became a physician, serving as Saladin's doctor. He divided his time between medical practice, Jewish communal affairs [he was nagid, official head of the Jews], and scholarship. Jews in Yemen addressed a query to him about how to respond to the Muslim persecution that they were then undergoing in Yemen. In his famous answer to them, Letter to the Yemenites, he wrote, among other things:

. . . God has exiled us among this fanatic nation which is so clever in increasing our sufferings, persecutes us with its hatred, and oppresses us more than any other. . .
The nation of Ishmael, which harms us and decrees laws against us . . . as never any people did which rose up against Israel, harms us, humiliates us, and hates us so much as they [Ishmael] do. [Yahudiya Masriya [= Bat Yeor], Les Juifs en Egypte (Geneva: Editions de l'Avenir, 1971), pp 24, 71]

Bahya ibn Pakuda [1050?-1120] lived in Spain where he wrote his philosophy. His important work was The Duties of the Heart, which was very widely read among the Yiddish-speaking Jews in Eastern Europe. In accord with Maimonides, he wrote:

The Sons of Ishmael are harsher than the Sons of Esau [= Christians].
[Yahudiya Masriya, p 24, quoted by A.S. Halkin in his edition of Maimonides'Epistle to the Yemenites, New York]

Contrary to what many apologists for the Arabs want us to believe, Jews who actually lived in Islamic states, under the unquestioned control of the laws of dhimma, believed that the Arabs/Muslims were crueler to the Jews and hated them more than the Christians did.

As to Ibn Pakuda's use of Sons of Esau to refer to Christians, here is the reason. Jews under Roman oppression referred to Rome by the code name of Edom, probably due to the rhyme [actually, Rome in Hebrew was Romi, which is close enough]. The Christian world grew out of the Roman empire which it took over after Constantine. Now, Esau is considered the ancestor of Edom in the book of Genesis. Hence, Christians are called sons of Esau.

من أوجد مصطلح الوطن العربي؟

من أوجد مصطلح الوطن العربي؟موقع اسرائيل بالعربية 

الغوص في تاريخ منطقتنا القديم، وتصفح الكتب التي تلخص معالم الزمن ومحطات الشرق الأوسط، والتدقيق في الآثار والتحف الحضارية التي تركها أجدادنا إرثا ننهل منه عظمتهم … لم يتضمنوا أي ذكر أو وجود ” للشعب العربي”.

فأرض النيل (مصر اليوم) مرورا بأرض إسرائيل (دولة إسرائيل وغربي الأردن اليوم)، ومنطقة الشام (سوريا ولبنان اليوم) وصولا إلى بلاد ما بين النهرين (العراق وكردستان اليوم)… لم تشهد يوما دولا عربية كما أنها لم تتعرف على الحضارة العربية البتة.

من هم العرب ?

يحدثنا التاريخ، أن العرب هم سكان البادية المعروفون اليوم بالبدو؛ قبائل الصحراء الرحل الذين يسكنون الخيام ويعيشون على رعي الإبل والماشية ويتنقلون من مكان لآخر طلبا للماء والكلأ معتمدين على تجارة البضائع.

بعد أن توقفوا عن عبادة الأوثان واعتمدوا الإسلام دينا لهم، خرج المسلمون من شبه الجزيرة العربية خلال ما سمي “بالفتح الإسلامي” أو ” الاحتلالات الإسلامية” ( القرن السابع ميلاديا)، هدفا بالهيمنة وقهر شعوب منطقة الشرق، السكان الأصليين، مسيطرين على ممتلكاتهم وارث أجدادهم ليبنوا عليها إمبراطوريتهم الإسلامية ، مغتصبين أراضي حضارات غيرهم.

نجح العرب خلال حكم الأمويين ( ٧٥٠-٦٦١) في احتلال جزءا من الشرق الأوسط ، معتمدين سياسة الاستيطان من خلال استقدام أعداد من المسلمين العرب من شبه الجزيرة العربية موطنهم الأم، وتوطينهم في الشرق الأوسط.

لم يكتب العمر المديد للحكم العربي، إذ أن مهمتهم الاحتلالية التاريخية انتهت على يد احتلالات أخرى؛ الفارسيون والأتراك والسلجوقيون واكورد والمماليك وغيرها من الامبرياليات التي احتلت وسيطرت على أراض من الشرق الأوسط ، شمال إفريقيا وأوروبا.

لتبلغ ذروتها مع حكم الامبريالية التركية – العثمانية التي أخضعت مناطق شاسعة من الشرق الأوسط لسيطرتها لعقود طوال (تفككت نهائيا عام ١٩٢٣).

إيديولوجية “العروبة”

تبلورت فكرة “العروبة” على يد مثقفين من الشرق الأوسط أبناء الأقليات: مسيحيون، علويون وغيرهم من مَن تلقى علومه في الغرب لا سيما في فرنسا، إذ رأى هؤلاء أنه لا بد من فكرة “الهوية المشتركة” بين شعوب وطوائف الشرق الأوسط المتعددة قوامها اللغة العربية ” الفصحى”، التي كانت في تلك الفترة ” لغة ميتة” – يتحدثها فقط رجال الدين الإسلامي وثلة من الأدباء فقط.

هدف المثقفون الأساسي آنذاك كان الحؤول دون العودة إلى وضعية “مواطن درجة ثانية” أي (الذمية) بسبب الاعتبارات الدينية والاثنية في دولة ذات أكثرية إسلامية، كما حصل في حقبة السلطنة العثمانية.

” العروبة” كـ” إيديولوجية سياسية” صُدّرت إلى الشرق الأوسط في القرن العشرين على يد الإمبراطورية البريطانية والفرنسية كأداة فعالة في إسقاط الإمبراطورية العثمانية والسيطرة على الأراضي الواقعة تحت سيطرتها :

سياسة فرنسا وبريطانيا تلخصت آنذاك في أن إقامة حركة قومية “قاعدتها عربية” متعاطفة مع البريطانيين، ستساعد في تفكيك الإمبراطورية العثمانية وتؤدي إلى نفوذ هاشمي- بريطاني – فرنسي على المنطقة، وبالتالي تسهل عليهم السيطرة والتحكم في موارد النفط و نوافذ التجارة البرية والبحرية في الشرق الأوسط.

بدأ البريطانيون وحليفهم الشريف العربي حسين بن علي الهاشمي بتسويق “العروبة” بدءا من عام ١٩١٥، وكان الأخير قد

طالب بإقامة “الدولة العربية الكبرى” بعد انتصار “الحلفاء” على العثمانيين، بمؤازرة بريطانية وبناء على ذلك قدم لهم كل الدعم والمساعدة بالاعتماد على القبائل البدوية التي كانت تحت أمرته.

أوجد البريطانيون وأعوانهم مصطلح ” الوطن العربي” أو “العروبة” وعمدوا إلى تطويره فارضين كذبة أقنعت من اتسم بجهل التاريخ أن الشرق الأوسط هو منطقة “عربية” الأصل وأن سكان المنطقة جميعهم ذو هوية وأصول عربية.

النتائج المرة لهذه “اللعبة” انعكست سلبا على هوية الشعوب الأصلية، إذ قضت على التاريخ الحقيقي لأبناء المنطقة، من خلال حذف وتجاهل هويتهم، لغتهم، وحضارتهم لصالح الهوية العربية البديلة “المخترعة” والمزيفة.

هل بإمكان احد الادعاء أن الفراعنة كانوا ذي أصول عربية، من حيث اللغة والشكل؟

هل كان حمورابي ملك بابل عربيا؟

هل كانت مملكة إسرائيل المتحدة وعلى رأسها الملك سليمان مملكة عربية؟

وهل جاء حيرام ملك صور من جذور عربية؟

أسئلة تفرض نفسها وتقودنا إلى إجابة واضحة وواحدة:لا لا وألف لا

العلم العربي

علم” الثورة العربية” أو “العروبة”، الذي يُستعمل كأساس لرايات أكثرية الدول “العربية” الحديثة، أوجده السياسي البريطاني مارك سايكس عام ١٩١٦، استكمالا لمحاولات الدعاية وإنشاء “الأمة العربية” أو ” شرق أوسط عربي” بهدف تحكيم نفوذهم في المنطقة من خلال “دمى عربية” تخدم المصالح الامبراطورية البريطانية – “الإمبراطورية التي لا تغيب عنها الشمس“. ( The empire on which the sun never sets )

الدبلوماسي البريطاني مارك سايكس (١٨٧٩-١٩١٩) موجد العلم العربي المشترك

لورنس “العرب”

إحدى أهم الشخصيات الرئيسة التي أوجدت وفرضت ” العروبة” في المنطقة، كان ضابط المخابرات البريطاني توماس ادوارد لورانس، حليف الهاشميين.

فبإشرافه دعم البريطانيون ثورة القبائل العربية في الحجاز ضد الإمبراطورية العثمانية في ما عرف آنذاك بالثورة العربية الكبرى. وقد عُرف هذا السياسي بدوره الاساسي في تسويق “الأمة العربية” كأداة لتوطيد المصالح البريطانية في الشرق الأوسط.

ضابط المخابرات البريطاني ادوارد لورانس بزي القبائل العربية- “لورانس العرب”

 لماذا تعتبر إيديولوجية ” العروبة” الإسرائيليين أعداءً لها؟

رمز حزب البعث

تعتبر الأحزاب العربية، التي تأسست على أساس إقامة امة عربية واحدة، كحزب البعث وغيره، أن دولة إسرائيل عدوة غريبة “مجرمة”ولا تقبل وجودها في المنطقة.

هذا العداء للإسرائيليين يحمل أكثر من علامة استفهام، وليس نابعا من اعتبارهم غرباء خصوصا وان اليهود وُجدوا في المنطقة وعلى أرضهم التاريخية قبل أن يسمع العالم بالعرب.

بكل بساطة العداء للإسرائيليين نابع من تمسكهم بهويتهم ولغتهم وحضارتهم المتشبث التاريخ بها من الاف السنين،

واضعين مبدأ الحفاظ على لغتهم العبرية لغة وطنهم الأم، فخورين بالصهيونية الإسرائيلية التي عادت إلى ارض إسرائيل مغلفة الشعب اليهودي ضمن كيان ينتمون إليه ويعبدونه، معارضين المصالح البريطانية و” الهوية العربية” المفروضة عليهم وعلى أرضهم .

داعمو العروبة والأنظمة الفاسدة المنبثقة من عقيدتها، يراودهم أبدا الخوف من فقدان السيطرة على الشعوب الناطقة بالعربية، ومن محاولة التعرف على أصولهم الحقيقية غير العربية وحضارات أجدادهم ومن أن يحذو حذو شعب إسرائيل في نضالهم من اجل الحفاظ على الهوية التاريخية.

فكانت “الهوية العربية” مشروعهم المفبرك، مصورين إسرائيل كعدو امبريالي قاتل غريب في المنطقة تريد القضاء على “عروبة” الشرق الأوسط، معششين الحقد في قلوب شعوبهم تُجاهها حتى لا تنتقل عدوة الحرية والمطالبة بالهوية الأساسية إلى أبناء الحضارات الأصلية للمنطقة.

اليوم، وبعد عقود على العنف، الحقد والحروب باسم العروبة المفبركة، بدأت بوادر الحقيقة تلوح في الأفق وإشعاعاتها تضيء جذور شعوب المنطقة، وبدأت حقيقة هذا المشروع تظهر للعلن، لا سيما وان أدواتها -الأحزاب البعثية- في الدول العربية مارست أبشع أنواع الظلم والاضطهاد بحق شعوبها التي تقول إنها “عربية”.

هوية المرء هي ثروة غالية لا يمكن لأي غريب انتزاعها، وكل من يسمح أو يقبل بفرض لغة، حضارة، إيديولوجية وعادات غريبة عليه يعتبر خائنا لشعبه وتراثه التاريخي.

لقد دفعت المنطقة دماءً لمشروع غريب، وكانت ضحية المصالح الاقتصادية التي تجعل من الإنسانية مجرد لعبة تستخدمها لتحقيق النفوذ. تاريخ الشعوب هو كيانها وحضارتها نبع وجودها، ولا يسعنا في هذا المجال إلا أن نعيد ونكرر الكلمات الخالدة ذات المعاني السامية لقائد جيش الشعب العبري، يغائيل الون، الذي قال قبل اعلان استقلال الدولة : “מי שאין לו עבר, אין לו הווה – ועתידו לוטה ערפל“ ”الشعب الذي لا يحترم تاريخه، لا يحترم حاضره ومستقبله غير مضمون “